Note 23 Purchase costs and costs of subcontracted work
€ million | 2016 | 2015 |
Grid losses | 61 | 71 |
Transport capacity and restrictions | 175 | 160 |
Billing and payment collection | 9 | 7 |
Contractors, materials and other | 157 | 162 |
Total | 402 | 400 |
Purchase costs and costs of subcontracted work was up by €2 million compared with 2015, at €402 million. This increase is mainly the effect of increased costs of transport capacity and restrictions amounting to €15 million due to higher charges and an increase in volumes. The increase was mitigated to some extent by lower costs of network losses, which were down by €10 million, mainly owing to lower tariffs and positive effects from settlement of outstanding accounts and prior-year set-off.